Know Your Stone
How to identify the stone your bath, sink is made from.

Natural stone can be classified into two general categories according to its composition: siliceous stone or calcareous stone. Knowing the difference is critical when selecting cleaning products.
Siliceous stone is composed mainly of silica or quartz-like particles. It tends to be very durable and relatively easy to clean with mild acidic cleaning solutions. Types of siliceous stones include granite, slate, sandstone, quartzite, brownstone and bluestone.
Calcareous stone is composed mainly of calcium carbonate. It is sensitive to acidic cleaning products and frequently requires different cleaning procedures than siliceous stone. Types of calcareous stones include marble, travertine, limestone and onyx. What may work on siliceous stone may not be suitable on calcareous surfaces.

How to Tell the Difference

A simple acid sensitivity test can be performed to determine whether a stone is calcareous or siliceous. You will need a few drops of vinegar and an eyedropper. Because this test may permanently etch the stone, select an out of the way area and several inches away from a mortar joint. Apply a few drops of the vinegar to the stone surface about the size of a 10 cent piece. If the stone is calcareous, the vinegar will etch the stone. If little or no reaction occurs, the stone can be considered siliceous. Rinse the area thoroughly with clean water and wipe dry.

Stone Finishes

A polished finished on the stone has a glossy surface that reflects light and emphasizes the colour and marking of the material.
A honed finish is a satin smooth surface with relatively little light reflection.
A flamed finish is a rough textured surface.
A natural worn finish is a tumbled finish left by natural erosive forces in a river.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.         Care & Precautions
2.         Cleaning Procedures & Recommendations
3.         Know Your Stone
4.         Spills and Stains
5.         Making and Using a Poultice
6.         Do's and Don'ts